Vana, vanotamburawo nechirwere chepfungwa. Isu tinokuudza kuti ndeapi matambudziko anovabata zvakanyanya uye sei kukanganisa kwavo kukura, kudzidza uye hukama kuti vanochengeta nemhuri dzavo neshamwari. Kana iyo psychopathologies iyo mukomana kana musikana anoratidza munguva isingarapwe, njodzi yekukomba inowedzera, pamwe nemukana wekuvandudza kumwe kusagadzikana kwepfungwa, uko kunotungamira kune yakaipa migumisiro muhupenyu hwavo hwevakuru.
Muzhinji kuti uone kuvapo kwechirwere chepfungwa, nyanzvi dzakavakirwa pakubvunzurudzwa kwakasiyana nemwana, akawedzera kune kucherechedzwa kwevabereki, vadzidzisi uye kucherechedzwa kwakaitwa mukutaurirana.
Zvinokonzeresa zvikonzero zvehutano hwepwere
Kana mwana achiratidza zviratidzo zvehutano hwepfungwa kazhinji hapana chikonzero chimwe chete, asi pane seti yezvinhu. Zvimwe zvezvinhu zvakabatanidzwa nekuvapo kwepfungwa dzepfungwa muvana ndeizvi:
- Biological zvinhu, ayo anoenderana zvakananga nemaeurotransmitter muuropi hwemwana A kusaenzana padanho remaurotransmitter zvinogona kukonzera kurwara nepfungwa. Izvo zvakakosha, semuenzaniso, kufunga nezve serotonin mazinga.
- Zvakatipoteredza zvinhu. Mamiriro ezvinhu anokura mwana ane zvaanoita mukukura kwake. Pane zviitiko zvinonetsa, hondo, kushungurudzika, kushungurudzwa, kudheererwa ... izvo zvinokanganisa kugona kwemwana uye zvinowedzera mukana wekukuvara kwepfungwa.
- Mafungiro ezvepfungwa sekuzvidzora kwakaderera kana matambudziko nemufananidzo wemuviri wavo zvinokanganisa maitiro anoonekwa nemwana uye anogona kuwedzera njodzi ye psychopathology.
- ari kukuvara kwehuropi Mageneti kana netsaona inogona kuwedzera njodzi yekurwara nepfungwa mumwana.
Neurodevelopmental kusagadzikana
Neurodevelopmental kusagadzikana tanga munguva yekutanga uye zvinokanganisa zvese hutano hwepfungwa uye kukura kwese kwevana zvakakanganiswa. Ivo vanoonekwa nekushomeka uko kunochinja kwehupenyu hwevanhu, hwemagariro, hwedzidzo kana hwekuita kwevakomana nevasikana. Vana vane izvi zvirwere zvepfungwa vanowanzo kusagadzikana, nekunetseka kwekusimbisa, avo vasingakwanise kutevedzera mitemo kana tsika, ndivo vanonzi vanokanganisa maitiro ehunhu, ayo anowanzo tanga kuenda kukireshi uye anoenderera kusvika kusekondari.
Neurodevelopmental kusagadzikana zvinonyanya kuitika ndeizvi: kucherechedza kushomeka kwehutano kusagadzikana (ADHD), iyo inobata nezve 5% yevana, nekuda kwemajini uye ezvakatipoteredza zvinhu.
Zvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa zvinokanganisa autism, kuremara pakudzidza, kuremara kwepfungwa, kusagadzikana kwemaitiro, cerebral palsy uye shanduko mukuona kana kunhuwidza. Zvimwe zvinowanzoitika kusagadzikana zvinosanganisira DiGeorge chirwere, kusagadzikana mitochondrial kana the Rett chirwere chirwere chemagene, chinokonzeresa zvimwe zviratidzo zvakafanana neizvo zveatism zvinosanganisira kushupika muhunyanzvi hwemagariro nekutaurirana. Muzviitiko zvekupedzisira, akateedzana ongororo anogona kuitwa.
Zvimwe zvinetso
Kune zvimwe zvakakosha hutano hwepfungwa, senge kushushikana, kushushikana uye kusagadzikana kwekudya izvo kazhinji dzinotanga panguva yehudiki uye kuyaruka. Schizophrenia uye zvimwe zvepfungwa zvepfungwa zvinowanzoitika zvishoma muhucheche, pachinzvimbo pane matambudziko ehudiki senge autism, kana kupesana kunopesana nedambudziko.
Vana vanotamburawo zvirwere zvepfungwa zvine chekuita nekushushikana nekushushikana. Ndiyo nzira yavo yekupindura kubva mukutya kumwe shanduko kana mamiriro. Mimwe mienzaniso ndeyekunyanyisa kusagadzikana kusagadzikana, kushungurudzika munharaunda, kushushikana kwepashure kwekutambudzika, uye kusarudza mutism.
Kune zvirwere zvepfungwa zvinosanganisira kuramba uchinzwa kusuwa uye, kana kungoerekana kwasanduka manzwiro. Mutsetse uyu tinowana kushushikana uye bipolar kusagadzikana. Kune vana avo panguva yekuora mwoyo vanogona kuratidza zvimwe zviratidzo zvakafanana neizvo zveOppositional Defiant Disorder. Dzimwe nguva chiratidzo chikuru chekuora mwoyo kusagadzikana. Dysregulation kusagadzikana kwehucheche uye kuyaruka mamiriro ayo anosanganisira chisingaperi kana chinoramba chichigumbuka uye kazhinji kuputika kwehasha.