Takatotaura nezvazvo kunyanya kunetseka chii chatinofanira kuva nacho kana tine mwana asati azvarwa and the zvinokonzeresa yebasa risati rasvika. Nhasi tichataura nezveimwe nyaya yakakosha iri iro basa uye kukosha kwekushandisa kweiyo incubator kune vacheche vasati vazvarwa.
Kuna amai, vangave vatsva kana kuti kwete, zvinofanira kuva zvakaoma kuona mwana wavo achangoberekwa mu incubator, asi pasinei nokuti zvingave zvichishungurudza sei, tinofanira kunzwisisa kuti basa rinoitwa nemaincubator aya rinokosha pautano hwomwana.
Chii chinonzi neonatal incubator?
A neonatal incubator mudziyo wekurapa wakagadzirirwa kupa nzvimbo yakachengeteka uye inodzorwa kune vachangozvarwa, kunyanya vacheche vasati vasvika. Iyi nharaunda inotevedzera chibereko chaamai, ichigadzira mamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa ekukura kwakakodzera kwechecheche. Iyo inzvimbo yakavharwa iyo tembiricha, mwando uye okisijeni zvinodzorwa chaizvo.
Maincubator anodzivirira, anodziya, anodzora mwando uye mwero weokisijeni, uye anopa kudzivirira ruzha kumwana. Aya mamiriro akakosha kune vacheche vasati vazvarwa nokuti, vasingawaniki mudumbu raamai, vanoda kutarisirwa kwakadzama kuti vabvumire kukura kwakakwana kunze kwechibereko.
Sei incubator ichishandiswa muvana vasati vasvika?
ari vacheche vanozvarwa nguva isati yakwana Havana kuwana nguva yakakwana yekupedzisa kukura kwavo mukati mechibereko, izvo zvinoreva kuti mazhinji enhengo nehurongwa hwavo hazvina kukwana kana kusimba. Imwe yematambudziko akajairika muvacheche idambudziko rekudzora tembiricha yemuviri wavo, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko akakomba akadai se hypothermia. Incubator inotevedzera mhoteredzo yedumbu raamai, ichichengeta tembiricha yenguva dzose iri pakati pe36 ne37 degrees Celsius.
Pamusoro pezvo, iyo incubator inopa dziviriro kubva kuhutachiona nekugadzira nharaunda yakavharika yakaparadzaniswa nekunze, kusefa mweya uye kuderedza kuratidzwa kwemwana kubhakitiriya nemavhairasi.
Nguva iri yose mwana achangoberekwa anoberekwa, anopinda munguva yakaoma umo miniti iri yose inokosha. Nokudaro, kushandiswa kweincubator kwakakosha. Zvichienderana nekuti mwana akaberekwa nguva isati yakwana sei, nguva yavanoda kupedza vari muincubator inogona kusiyana zvikuru. Vamwe vacheche vanongogara kwemaawa mashoma, nepo vamwe vangada mavhiki kana kuti kunyange mwedzi yokuchengetwa kwakakomba.
Zvinoumba neonatal incubator
ari neonatal incubators Azvino ano akashongedzerwa neakawanda mabasa akagadzirirwa kutarisa uye kudzora zvakakosha zvevacheche vasati vasvika:
- Kudzora kwekushisa: Iyo incubator ine masensa anogadzirisa mwero wekupisa, kuchengetedza tembiricha yemuviri wemwana mukati memiganhu yakakodzera.
- Kunodzorwa humidity: Zvakakosha kuchengetedza nharaunda ine mwando muincubator kudzivirira mwana kubva pakupera mvura.
- Oxygen therapy: Vana vakawanda vanozvarwa nguva isati yakwana vanoda mamwe mazinga eokisijeni, ayo anowanikwa kuburikidza nekupa inodzorwa okisijeni kuburikidza neincubator.
- Ultraviolet chiedza: Mamwe ma incubator ane mwenje wephototherapy kurapa neonatal jaundice.
- Kugara uchitarisa: Kurova kwemoyo wemwana, kufema uye zviratidzo zvakakosha zvinotariswa nguva dzese, uye chero chinhu chisina kujairika chinomutsa alarm inozivisa vashandi vekurapa.
Mabasa makuru eincubator
Incubators haingopi nharaunda inodzorwa, asi zvakare inozadzisa chaiwo mabasa anobatsira kuvandudza mikana yekupona kwevacheche vasati vasvika.
Kudzora kwekushisa
Rimwe remabasa akanyanya kukosha eincubator ndeye kudzora kwekushisa. Vacheche vasati vasvika havagoni kudzora tembiricha yemuviri wavo, zvichivaita panjodzi ye hypothermia kana kuwandisa. Iwo ma incubator anoshandisa convection heat system, iyo inotamisa kupisa zvakaenzana kuburikidza nefani.
Iyo control system inogona kugadzirwa nenzira mbiri: nekupisa kwemhepo yakadzika muincubator kana nekushisa kweganda remwana. Muchiitiko chekupedzisira, sensor inonamatira paganda remwana uye inogadzirisa kupisa zvichienderana nekupisa kwemuviri. Iyi sisitimu, inozivikanwa se servo control, inonyanya kukodzera vana vachangozvarwa nguva isati yakwana.
Kudzorwa humidity
Kudzora humidity munzvimbo yeincubator kwakakosha zvakare. The vacheche vasati vazvarwa Vane ganda rakapfava uye vanogona kurasikirwa nehuwandu hwemvura kuburikidza nekuputika, izvo zvinotungamirira kukupera mvura. Kugadzirisa izvi, ma incubators ane humidifiers anochengetedza yakakwana humidity level. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti hunyoro huri mukati meincubator huchengetedzwe pakati pe60% ne90%.
Oxygen therapy
Chinhu chakakosha che ma incubators kugona kupa oxygen. The vacheche vasati vazvarwa Kazhinji vanotambura nedambudziko rekufema nekuda kwekusakura kwemapapu avo. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvakakosha kuvapa okisijeni yakawedzerwa mumazuva ekutanga ehupenyu. Nokugadzira nharaunda ine mwero weokisijeni wakadzorwa, mamwe ma incubator anobvumira kutonga kukuru pamusoro pehuwandu hweokisijeni iyo mwana anofema, achipa mhepo-yakapfuma-okisijeni kuti ivandudze kukura kwavo kufema.
Ultraviolet mwenje
Dambudziko rinowanzoitika muvana vachangoberekwa, kunyanya vasati vasvika, ndeye neonatal jaundice. Chirwere ichi chinoitika apo bilirubin inoungana muropa remwana, zvichiita kuti paganda pave ne toni yeyero. Kurapa chirwere ichi, ma incubator ane mwenje we ultraviolet (UV) anobatsira kuputsa bilirubin, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kubvisa kubva mumuviri.
Monitoring uye maaramu mune incubator
Iwo ma incubator anosanganisirawo akasiyana masisitimu ekutarisa kuti mwana achengetedzwe munzvimbo yakagadzikana uye yakachengeteka. Iwo anonyanya kufarirwa parameter anotariswa anosanganisira:
- Kurova kwemoyo: Maelectrodes akabatanidzwa paganda remwana anoyera kurova kwemwoyo nguva dzose.
- Kufema kakawanda: Sensor inoverenga kuti kangani paminiti iyo mwana anofema.
- Pulse oximetry: Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mwero weokisijeni muropa remwana unotariswa.
- Tembiricha alarm: Kana tembiricha yemhoteredzo kana mucheche ichisiyana kupfuura yakatarwa, maaramu anovhurwa, achinyevera vashandi vezvokurapa kuti vapindire nekukurumidza.
Mechanical ventilation uye intravenous therapy
Muzviitiko zvakanyanyisa, vamwe vana vanozvarwa nguva isati yakwana havagoni kufema voga. Kune aya mamiriro, iyo incubator ine masisitimu e mechanical ventilation vanobatsira mukufema, kungave kuburikidza nekupinda mukati kana nekupa mweya nemasiki akagadzirwa. Muzviitiko izvi, zvakakosha kunyatsoongorora kuenzana pakati peokisijeni inobatwa uye oksijeni inopinda muropa remwana.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha ndeche kurapwa netsinga. Vazhinji vacheche havagone kudya zvakanaka vachangobva kuzvarwa. Nokuda kwezviitiko izvi, incubators inobvumira kushandiswa kwemitsara inopinza kuti ipe serum kana mishonga. Iyi sarudzo inoderedza njodzi yekubata mwana zvakanyanya, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kushushikana kana kusagadzikana.
Basa rekudzivirira mu incubator
Kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe ndiro rimwe basa rakakosha revacheche vacheche. Vana vachangozvarwa, kunyanya avo vanozvarwa nguva isati yakwana, vane masoja ekudzivirira emuviri asati akura uye vanotapukirwa zvakanyanya nezvirwere. Iyo incubator inogadzira nzvimbo isina hutachiona iyo mwana anodzivirirwa kubva kune hutachiona hwekunze uye mabhakitiriya. Izvi zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nemasefa akakosha anonatsa mweya unopinda mukamuri umo mwana achangozvarwa. Uyezve, nekuchengeta mwana munzvimbo yakavharirwa, incubator inoderedzawo kushushikana kunogona kukonzera ruzha rwezvakatipoteredza.
Incubator inokanganisa sei kubata kwaamai nemwana?
Chinhu chisina kunaka chekushandisa incubators ndechekuti inogona kudzikamisa kubata kwemuviri pakati paamai nemwana. Iye ganda-ku-ganda kusangana, inokurudzirwa zvikuru pakukura kwepfungwa uye mumuviri wemucheche achangoberekwa, inoderedzwa kana mwana ari mukati meincubator. Zvisinei, muzvikamu zvakawanda zvevacheche, vanachiremba vanokurudzira kushandiswa kwe kangaroo nzira, iyo inobvumira vabereki kubata mwana pachipfuva paanenge akachengeteka kumwana.
Kubatana uku hakungosimudziri hukama pakati pezviviri, asi zvakaratidzwawo kuva nemigumisiro yakanaka pakugadzirisa nekukura kwemwana. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti kutarisira kangaroo kunogona kuvandudza thermoregulation yemwana, kuderedza kushushikana uye kunatsiridza kurova kwemwoyo, izvo zvinobatsira kukurumidza kupora kwemwana achangozvarwa.
Nokudaro, kunyange zvazvo iyo incubator inogona kuonekwa semhepo inotonhora uye iri kure, haitsivi kusangana kwevanhu, asi inozadzisa iyo munguva dzakaoma zvikuru dzehupenyu hwemwana.
Chekupedzisira, ma incubator akaponesa mamirioni ehupenyu uye anoramba ari chishandiso chakakosha chekuchengeta vana vasati vabva zera. Nekuda kwekufambira mberi mune tekinoroji nekuchengetwa kwevacheche, vana ava vane mukana wakakura wekupona nekuva neutano uye vakasimba.